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The Effective Factors in the Emigration of Sufis
from Iran to Anatolia during the Sultanate of Rum Era
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Shahla Bakhtiari *    , Ismail Hasanzadeh , Manizhe Ghodrati Vayghan |
| Associate Professor Department of History, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran & Associate Professor Department of History, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran , sh.bakhtiari@alzahra.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (5263 Views) |
A countless number of people from the elite society, including Sufis and Mystics, left Iran for Anatolia between 5th-7th centuries AH/11th-13th centuries AD. In this research, It has been tried to investigate and explain the reason for the emigration of Sufis by combining two descriptive and analytical approaches, and relying on library sources. Inspired by the Everett S. Lee's Push and Pull Theory, and relying on historical evidence, and contrary to the common belief which considers the influence of the Mongol attack as the main factor for such emigration, it was found that the most important effective factors in the realization of the emigration of Sufis and Mystics to Anatolia can be considered: a series of pushing factors such as the ever-increasing population of Turkmen immigrants, the spread of religious prejudices and its strengthening by politicians, wars, conflicts and natural disasters; as well as a series of pulling factors including the propaganda, educational activities and defense of the borders of Islam, establishment of religion, respecting mystics by Seljuk sultans and their tolerance and distance of Anatolia from turbulent areas.
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| Keywords: Sufis, Mystics, emigration, Iran, Anatolia, Roman Seljuk (Sultanate of Rum), Push and pull Theory. |
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Full-Text [PDF 432 kb]
(640 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Islamic History
Received: 2023/10/26 | Revised: 2024/08/20 | Accepted: 2024/04/29 | Published: 2024/04/29 | ePublished: 2024/04/29
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