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Abdulhamid II’s Downfall, Zionism and Palestine; Conspiracist Distortions in Iranian Perception (A Critical Inquiry)
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Ali Kalirad *   |
| University of Tehran , kalirad@ut.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (12 Views) |
| A prevalent historical narrative in the Islamic world attributes the 1909 deposition of Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II to a Jewish/Zionist conspiracy, purportedly provoked by his refusal to cede Palestine. Given Iran’s distinct historical, religious, and ideological context, this study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology to examine the Iranian interpretation of this event. Analysis of Persian sources—original and translated—reveals this interpretation is entirely derivative. It uncritically replicates biased tropes from Arabic materials, propagates grave historical errors, and exhibits a dominant conspiratorial lens. Driven by political bias, methodological deficiencies in research, and failure to engage updated scholarship, this perception has persisted. Consequently, it has cemented a reductive understanding of the late Ottoman history and early Zionist efforts toward infiltration into Palestine. |
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| Keywords: Abdulhamid II, Zionism, Theodor Herzl, Palestine, Conspiracism, Iranian Perception, Ottoman Jewry |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Islamic History/ Interdisciplinary History
Received: 2025/05/15 | Revised: 2025/09/13 | Accepted: 2025/09/1 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/09/13
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