fa کارکردهای سیاسی رشوه در مناسبات درونی عصر صفوی و پیامدهای آن ایران دوره صفوی Iran History of Safavid Period پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt">یکی از مهم&shy;ترین تقدیمی&shy;ها در ادوار مختلف تاریخ ایران که دامنۀ آن به دورۀ صفویه کشیده شد، رشوه</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt">است. درواقع، استفاده از رشوه در مناسبات سیاسی درونی حکومت صفوی، از آغاز تا پایان عمر این سلسله تداوم</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> داشت. در این پژوهش به &shy;دنبال پاسخ‌گویی به این پرسش هستیم که: کارکردهای سیاسی رشوه در مناسبات سیاسی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">درون حکومتی</span></span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">عصر صفوی چه بود؟ و چه پیامدهایی به&shy;دنبال داشت؟ این پژوهش با رویکرد توصیفی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">-</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">تحلیلی انجام</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">شده و یافته&shy;های آن نشان می&shy;دهد که رشوه در آغاز قدرت&shy;گیری صفویان نقش مهمی در پذیرش اطاعت حکام، </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">تثبیت جایگاه شاه و تمرکز حاکمیت داشت. سپس در مناسبات شاهان صفوی با زیردستان نقش بسزایی در تصاحب </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">مناصب، مشاغل و حفظ آنها ایفا می&shy;کرد که</span></span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">اقلیت‌های مذهبی ساکن در ایران، به‌ویژه ارامنه نیز از این قضیه مستثنی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt">نبودند. در مقابل نیز شاهان صفوی از رشوه&shy;های تقدیمی حکام با شیوه&shy;هایی متنوع و متفاوت برای نمایش قدرت و </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">ثروت خود در انظار عموم و همچنین سفرای خارجی بهره می&shy;بردند که این مسائل پیامدهایی از نظر اجتماعی و </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:82%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">اقتصادی به&shy; دنبال داشت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Bribery was one of the most important offerings in different periods of Iranian </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">history, which extended to the Safavid era. In fact, the use of bribery continued from the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt">beginning up to the end of the Safavid epoch in the internal political relations of this dynasty. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">In this research, we aim to answer these questions: &ldquo;What were the political functions of </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">bribery in the internal political relations of the Safavid era?&rdquo; and &ldquo;What consequences did it </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">have?&rdquo; This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and its findings </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">show that bribery played an important role in accepting the obedience of the rulers, consolidating</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt">the position of the kings and centralizing the government at the beginning of the Safavids&#39; rise </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">to power. Afterwards, it played a significant role in the relations of the Safavid kings with </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt">their subordinates in terms of acquiring positions, jobs and maintaining them. Also, the religious</span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> minorities living in Iran, especially Armenians, were not an exception to this. In contrast, the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">Safavid kings used bribes offered by their rulers in various ways in order to display their </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.5pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">power and wealth to the public and foreign ambassadors, which had its own social and <span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">economic consequences.</span></span></span> عصر صفوی, شاهان, رشوه, حاکمان محلی, اقلیت‌های مذهبی Safavid era, kings, bribery, local governors, religious minorities. 29 52 http://journal.pte.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1085-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 farzad khoshab فرزاد خوش آب farzad.69.fk@gmail.com 10031947532846006022 0009-0004-2137-1107 Yes PhD in History of post-Islamic Iran, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran (Corresponding author). دکترای تاریخ ایران بعد از اسلام، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران علاءالدین شاهرخی shahrokhi41@gmail.com 10031947532846006023 10031947532846006023 No Professor, History Department, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran استاد گروه تاریخ دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران.